英文開題報告寫作范文(英文論文開題報告寫作技巧)
英文開題報告寫作范文
英文開題報告寫作范文
下面是一篇英語論文的`開題報告范文，雖然不是特別好，但也反應(yīng)了開題報告的格式和寫法，有一定的借鑒價值。
function and application of descriptive translation studies
1 introduction
the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts).
dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
the method of dts is basically descriptive. the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. translation phenomena are noted down. with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. “norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red mansions. two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts. 2 outline
2.1 development and major concepts of dts
in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
英文論文開題報告寫作技巧
英文論文開題報告寫作技巧
導(dǎo)語：一篇優(yōu)秀的英語論文離不開開題報告的撰寫。那么，如何寫好開題報告成為同學(xué)們非?？鄲赖膯栴}。下面是小編分享的英文論文開題報告的寫作技巧，歡迎閱讀!
開題報告的一般內(nèi)容
課題來源、開題依據(jù)和背景情況，課題研究目的以及理論意義和實際應(yīng)用價值。
文獻(xiàn)綜述。在閱讀規(guī)定文獻(xiàn)量(不少于50篇，其中外文文獻(xiàn)占40%以上)的基礎(chǔ)上，著重闡述該研究課題國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展動態(tài)，同時介紹查閱文獻(xiàn)的范圍以及查閱方式、手段。
主要研究內(nèi)容。包括學(xué)術(shù)構(gòu)思、研究方法、關(guān)鍵技術(shù)、技術(shù)路線、實施方案、可行性分析、研究中可能遇到的難點、解決的方法和措施以及預(yù)期目標(biāo)。
擬采用的實驗手段，所需科研和實驗條件，估計課題工作量和所需經(jīng)費，研究工作進(jìn)度計劃。
主要參考文獻(xiàn)，列出至少10篇所查閱參考的.文獻(xiàn)。
寫好開題報告的技巧
提出問題注意“層次”
在提出問題時，要以“內(nèi)行”看得懂的術(shù)語和明確的邏輯來表述。
選題來源包括：與自己實際工作或科研工作相關(guān)的、較為熟悉的問題;自己從事的專業(yè)。
問題發(fā)展迅速，需要綜合評價;反映本學(xué)科的新理論、新技術(shù)或新動向的題目。
所選題目不宜過大，越具體越容易收集資料，從某一個側(cè)面入手，容易深入。
瞄準(zhǔn)主流文獻(xiàn)，隨時整理
文獻(xiàn)資料是撰寫好學(xué)術(shù)論文的基礎(chǔ)。選擇文獻(xiàn)時應(yīng)選擇本學(xué)科的核心期刊、經(jīng)典著作等，要注意所選文獻(xiàn)的代表性、可靠性及科學(xué)性;選擇文獻(xiàn)應(yīng)先看近期的(近3～5年)，后看遠(yuǎn)期的，廣泛閱讀資料，有必要時還應(yīng)找到有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)所引用的原文閱讀，在閱讀時，注意做好讀書卡片或讀書筆記。
整理資料時，要注意按照問題來組織文獻(xiàn)資料，寫文獻(xiàn)綜述時不是將看過的資料都羅列和陳述出來，而是要按照一定的思路將其提煉出來。只有這樣，才能寫出好的文獻(xiàn)綜述，也才能寫出好的開題報告，進(jìn)而為寫出好的論文打下基礎(chǔ)。
研究目標(biāo)具體而不死板
一般開題報告都要求明確學(xué)位論文的研究目標(biāo)，但筆者認(rèn)為，研究目標(biāo)不宜規(guī)定得太死板，這是因為，即使條件一定，目標(biāo)是偏高還是偏低，往往難于準(zhǔn)確判斷，研究工作本身，涉及求知因素，各個實驗室條件不同，具體研究時條件也不同。學(xué)位論文選題和研究目標(biāo)體現(xiàn)了研究工作的價值特征。
搜索技能篇
google學(xué)術(shù)搜索
google學(xué)術(shù)搜索的功能可以說是相當(dāng)強(qiáng)大，這里先介紹了幾個實用的小技能~
查找圖書館試用資源
試試搜索欄里輸入："intitle:試用數(shù)據(jù)庫 inurl:lib" 便可以快速找到各高校圖書館的免費資源了。這些密碼雖然持久不了，但是足夠解燃眉之急。這是一個密碼頁。你可以保存起來，說不定今后你會用到它們。
需要說明的是：百度查找中文的期刊還是很管用，因為百度中文頁面更新很快，而google在中文方面就不是很在行了，但是英文網(wǎng)頁，google則是一個星期更新一次，頻率較快，優(yōu)先采用檢索國外數(shù)據(jù)!
站內(nèi)直接搜索
谷歌對于一些流量大戶，比如知乎，直接在搜索結(jié)果頁面呈現(xiàn)了站內(nèi)搜索框，很是方便。
InfoSeek
提供全文檢索功能，并有較細(xì)致的分類目錄，還可搜索圖像。網(wǎng)頁收錄極其豐富，以西文為主，支持簡體和繁體中文檢索，但中文網(wǎng)頁收錄較少。查詢時能夠識別大小寫和成語，且支持邏輯條件限制查詢(AND、OR、NOT等)。高級檢索功能較強(qiáng)，另有字典、事件查詢、黃頁、股票報價等多種服務(wù)。
Wolfram Alpha
圖表數(shù)據(jù)伸手可得的神器!
Wolfram Alpha是一個繪圖計算器、在線圖書館、和搜尋引擎的綜合體。它不像Google一樣給出零碎的混雜的內(nèi)容，而是直接將每一幀信息拼接成有效的影像，更直觀地呈現(xiàn)結(jié)果。
舉個例子，想要了解中國人口數(shù)量變化，Wolfram Alpha會直接給出折線圖;相當(dāng)?shù)姆奖?、直觀。
英文論文開題報告是一篇高質(zhì)量論文的開始，只有良好的開端，才可以給你的論文奠定堅實的基礎(chǔ)。
最新英語論文的開題報告范文
1 introduction
the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts).
dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
the method of dts is basically descriptive. the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. translation phenomena are noted down. with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. “norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red mansions. two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts.
2 outline
2.1 development and major concepts of dts
in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
2.2 methodolgy
i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.
2.3 dts in contrast to other theories
a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya criteria. some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
2.4 case study
in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of dts. translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
2.5 conclusion
based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of translation. suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)